For comparable readings over time and with this calculator, keep conditions consistent:
- NH₃/NH₄ — often slightly higher in the morning before feeding; peaks may occur at night.
- NO₂ — during the nitrogen cycle, test before feeding; zero NO₂ alone does not prove readiness without NH₃.
- NO₃ — after a change, wait 15–30 min for mixing, then test.
- GH — like KH; for water changes, measure tap/replacement water and tank separately.
- KH — more stable than pH; test before a water change or 15–30 min after mixing.
- pH — test at the same time of day; values differ before and after CO₂ injection.
Compare readings taken at the same time of day under similar conditions (CO₂, feeding).